Introduction
Integrated farming system (IFS) is a farming approach
that helps conserve agrobiodiversity, provides food
security, enhances ecosystem services, maintains
environmental quality and also achieves sustainability.
Integrated fish farming (IFF) refers to a practice of
IFS where fish becomes the major component of the
farming system. Thus, the practice of integrating fish
with agriculture or livestock helps in utilization of farm
space, recycling of resources, diversification of crops,
minimising the use of farm feed and fertilisers, reducing
the risks of crop loss, increasing productivity and
income.
In order to achieve rapid progress and development in
the rural and coastal areas of the country, the policies
and research strategies must focus on conserving
natural resources by enhancing the efficiency in the
use of these resources for increasing productivity,
income, and profitability. On the other hand,
freshwater availability for human use is emerging as a
national and international challenge, and its efficient
management and recycling are of utmost importance.
Recycling of farm and crop residue and agricultural
by-products need to focus on minimizing the cost of
production. Since animal waste makes good fertilizer
for fish ponds, and 50 – 60% of the cost of fish farming.



